/*
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
package org.jdbi.v3.core.result;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.function.BiFunction;
import java.util.function.Consumer;
import java.util.function.Supplier;
import java.util.stream.Collector;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
import java.util.stream.Stream;
import java.util.stream.StreamSupport;

import org.jdbi.v3.core.mapper.RowMapper;
import org.jdbi.v3.core.statement.StatementContext;

import static java.util.Spliterators.spliteratorUnknownSize;

An Iterable of values, usually mapped from a ResultSet. Generally, ResultIterables may only be traversed once. 
Type parameters:
<T> – iterable element type/**
 * An {@link Iterable} of values, usually mapped from a {@link java.sql.ResultSet}. Generally, ResultIterables may only
 * be traversed once.
 *
 * @param <T> iterable element type
 */
@FunctionalInterface
public interface ResultIterable<T> extends Iterable<T> {
    
Returns a ResultIterable backed by the given result set supplier, mapper, and context.
Params:
supplier – result set supplier
mapper –   row mapper
ctx –      statement context
Type parameters:
<T> –      the mapped type
Returns:
the result iterable/**
     * Returns a ResultIterable backed by the given result set supplier, mapper, and context.
     *
     * @param supplier result set supplier
     * @param mapper   row mapper
     * @param ctx      statement context
     * @param <T>      the mapped type
     * @return the result iterable
     */
    static <T> ResultIterable<T> of(Supplier<ResultSet> supplier, RowMapper<T> mapper, StatementContext ctx) {
        return () -> {
            try {
                return new ResultSetResultIterator<>(supplier.get(), mapper, ctx);
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                try {
                    ctx.close();
                } catch (Exception e1) {
                    e.addSuppressed(e1);
                }
                throw new ResultSetException("Unable to iterator result set", e, ctx);
            }
        };
    }

    
Returns a ResultIterable backed by the given iterator.
Params:
iterator – the result iterator
Type parameters:
<T> – iterator element type
Returns:
a ResultIterable/**
     * Returns a ResultIterable backed by the given iterator.
     * @param iterator the result iterator
     * @param <T> iterator element type
     * @return a ResultIterable
     */
    static <T> ResultIterable<T> of(ResultIterator<T> iterator) {
        return () -> iterator;
    }

    
Stream all the rows of the result set out with an Iterator. The Iterator must be closed to release database resources. 
Returns:
the results as a streaming Iterator/**
     * Stream all the rows of the result set out
     * with an {@code Iterator}.  The {@code Iterator} must be
     * closed to release database resources.
     * @return the results as a streaming Iterator
     */
    @Override
    ResultIterator<T> iterator();

    @Override
    default void forEach(Consumer<? super T> action) {
        try (ResultIterator<T> iterator = iterator()) {
            iterator.forEachRemaining(action);
        }
    }

    
Returns the only row in the result set. Returns null if the row itself is null. 
Throws:
IllegalStateException – if the result set contains zero or multiple rows
Returns:
the only row in the result set./**
     * Returns the only row in the result set. Returns {@code null} if the row itself is
     * {@code null}.
     * @throws IllegalStateException if the result set contains zero or multiple rows
     * @return the only row in the result set.
     */
    default T one() {
        try (ResultIterator<T> iter = iterator()) {
            if (!iter.hasNext()) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("Expected one element, but found none");
            }

            final T r = iter.next();

            if (iter.hasNext()) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("Expected one element, but found multiple");
            }

            return r;
        }
    }

    
Returns the only row in the result set, if any. Returns Optional.empty() if zero rows are returned, or if the row itself is null. 
Throws:
IllegalStateException – if the result set contains multiple rows
Returns:
the only row in the result set, if any./**
     * Returns the only row in the result set, if any. Returns {@code Optional.empty()} if zero
     * rows are returned, or if the row itself is {@code null}.
     * @throws IllegalStateException if the result set contains multiple rows
     * @return the only row in the result set, if any.
     */
    default Optional<T> findOne() {
        try (ResultIterator<T> iter = iterator()) {
            if (!iter.hasNext()) {
                return Optional.empty();
            }

            final T r = iter.next();

            if (iter.hasNext()) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("Expected zero to one elements, but found multiple");
            }

            return Optional.ofNullable(r);
        }
    }

    
Get the only row in the result set.
Throws:
IllegalStateException – if zero or multiple rows are returned
Returns:
the object mapped from the singular row in the results
Deprecated:
use one() or findOne() instead./**
     * Get the only row in the result set.
     * @throws IllegalStateException if zero or multiple rows are returned
     * @return the object mapped from the singular row in the results
     * @deprecated use {@link #one()} or {@link #findOne()} instead.
     */
    @Deprecated
    default T findOnly() {
        return one();
    }

    
Returns the first row in the result set. Returns null if the row itself is null. 
Throws:
IllegalStateException – if zero rows are returned
Returns:
the first row in the result set./**
     * Returns the first row in the result set. Returns {@code null} if the row itself is
     * {@code null}.
     * @throws IllegalStateException if zero rows are returned
     * @return the first row in the result set.
     */
    default T first() {
        try (ResultIterator<T> iter = iterator()) {
            if (!iter.hasNext()) {
                throw new IllegalStateException("Expected at least one element, but found none");
            }

            return iter.next();
        }
    }

    
Returns the first row in the result set, if present. Returns Optional.empty() if zero rows are returned or the first row is null. 
Returns:
the first row in the result set, if present./**
     * Returns the first row in the result set, if present. Returns {@code Optional.empty()} if
     * zero rows are returned or the first row is {@code null}.
     * @return the first row in the result set, if present.
     */
    default Optional<T> findFirst() {
        try (ResultIterator<T> iter = iterator()) {
            return iter.hasNext() ? Optional.ofNullable(iter.next()) : Optional.empty();
        }
    }

    
Returns the stream of results.
 Note: the returned stream owns database resources, and must be closed via a call to BaseStream.close(), or by using the stream in a try-with-resources block: 
try (Stream<T> stream = query.stream()) {
  // do stuff with stream
}

See Also:
useStream(StreamConsumer)
withStream(StreamCallback)
Returns:
the stream of results./**
     * Returns the stream of results.
     *
     * <p>
     * Note: the returned stream owns database resources, and must be closed via a call to {@link Stream#close()}, or
     * by using the stream in a try-with-resources block:
     * </p>
     *
     * <pre>
     * try (Stream&lt;T&gt; stream = query.stream()) {
     *   // do stuff with stream
     * }
     * </pre>
     *
     * @return the stream of results.
     *
     * @see #useStream(StreamConsumer)
     * @see #withStream(StreamCallback)
     */
    default Stream<T> stream() {
        ResultIterator<T> iterator = iterator();
        return StreamSupport.stream(spliteratorUnknownSize(iterator, 0), false)
                .onClose(iterator::close);
    }

    
Passes the stream of results to the consumer. Database resources owned by the query are
released before this method returns.
Params:
consumer – a consumer which receives the stream of results.
Type parameters:
<X> – the exception type thrown by the callback, if any
Throws:
X – any exception thrown by the callback/**
     * Passes the stream of results to the consumer. Database resources owned by the query are
     * released before this method returns.
     *
     * @param consumer a consumer which receives the stream of results.
     * @param <X> the exception type thrown by the callback, if any
     *
     * @throws X any exception thrown by the callback
     */
    default <X extends Exception> void useStream(StreamConsumer<T, X> consumer) throws X {
        withStream(stream -> {
            consumer.useStream(stream);
            return null;
        });
    }

    
Passes the stream of results to the callback. Database resources owned by the query are
released before this method returns.
Params:
callback – a callback which receives the stream of results, and returns some result.
Type parameters:
<R> – the type returned by the callback
<X> – the exception type thrown by the callback, if any
Throws:
X – any exception thrown by the callback
Returns:
the value returned by the callback./**
     * Passes the stream of results to the callback. Database resources owned by the query are
     * released before this method returns.
     *
     * @param callback a callback which receives the stream of results, and returns some result.
     * @param <R> the type returned by the callback
     * @param <X> the exception type thrown by the callback, if any
     *
     * @return the value returned by the callback.
     *
     * @throws X any exception thrown by the callback
     */
    default <R, X extends Exception> R withStream(StreamCallback<T, R, X> callback) throws X {
        try (Stream<T> stream = stream()) {
            return callback.withStream(stream);
        }
    }

    
Returns results in a List. 
Returns:
results in a List./**
     * Returns results in a {@link List}.
     *
     * @return results in a {@link List}.
     */
    default List<T> list() {
        return collect(Collectors.toList());
    }

    
Collect the results into a container specified by a collector.
Params:
collector –       the collector
Type parameters:
<R> –             the generic type of the container
Returns:
the container with the query result/**
     * Collect the results into a container specified by a collector.
     *
     * @param collector       the collector
     * @param <R>             the generic type of the container
     * @return the container with the query result
     */
    default <R> R collect(Collector<T, ?, R> collector) {
        try (Stream<T> stream = stream()) {
            return stream.collect(collector);
        }
    }

    
Reduce the results. Using a BiFunction<U, T, U>, repeatedly combine query results until only a single value remains. 
Params:
identity – the U to combine with the first result
accumulator – the function to apply repeatedly
Type parameters:
<U> – the accumulator type
Returns:
the final U/**
     * Reduce the results.  Using a {@code BiFunction<U, T, U>}, repeatedly
     * combine query results until only a single value remains.
     *
     * @param <U> the accumulator type
     * @param identity the {@code U} to combine with the first result
     * @param accumulator the function to apply repeatedly
     * @return the final {@code U}
     */
    default <U> U reduce(U identity, BiFunction<U, T, U> accumulator) {
        try (Stream<T> stream = stream()) {
            return stream.reduce(identity, accumulator,
                (u, v) -> {
                    throw new UnsupportedOperationException("parallel operation not supported");
                });
        }
    }
}