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package javax.crypto;

import java.util.*;

import java.security.*;
import java.security.Provider.Service;
import java.security.spec.AlgorithmParameterSpec;

import java.nio.ByteBuffer;

import sun.security.util.Debug;
import sun.security.jca.*;
import sun.security.jca.GetInstance.Instance;

This class provides the functionality of a "Message Authentication Code" (MAC) algorithm.

A MAC provides a way to check the integrity of information transmitted over or stored in an unreliable medium, based on a secret key. Typically, message authentication codes are used between two parties that share a secret key in order to validate information transmitted between these parties.

A MAC mechanism that is based on cryptographic hash functions is referred to as HMAC. HMAC can be used with any cryptographic hash function, e.g., SHA256 or SHA384, in combination with a secret shared key. HMAC is specified in RFC 2104.

Author:Jan Luehe
Since:1.4
/** * This class provides the functionality of a "Message Authentication Code" * (MAC) algorithm. * * <p> A MAC provides a way to check * the integrity of information transmitted over or stored in an unreliable * medium, based on a secret key. Typically, message * authentication codes are used between two parties that share a secret * key in order to validate information transmitted between these * parties. * * <p> A MAC mechanism that is based on cryptographic hash functions is * referred to as HMAC. HMAC can be used with any cryptographic hash function, * e.g., SHA256 or SHA384, in combination with a secret shared key. HMAC is * specified in RFC 2104. * * @author Jan Luehe * * @since 1.4 */
public class Mac implements Cloneable { private static final Debug debug = Debug.getInstance("jca", "Mac"); // The provider private Provider provider; // The provider implementation (delegate) private MacSpi spi; // The name of the MAC algorithm. private final String algorithm; // Has this object been initialized? private boolean initialized = false; // next service to try in provider selection // null once provider is selected private Service firstService; // remaining services to try in provider selection // null once provider is selected private Iterator<Service> serviceIterator; private final Object lock;
Creates a MAC object.
Params:
  • macSpi – the delegate
  • provider – the provider
  • algorithm – the algorithm
/** * Creates a MAC object. * * @param macSpi the delegate * @param provider the provider * @param algorithm the algorithm */
protected Mac(MacSpi macSpi, Provider provider, String algorithm) { this.spi = macSpi; this.provider = provider; this.algorithm = algorithm; serviceIterator = null; lock = null; } private Mac(Service s, Iterator<Service> t, String algorithm) { firstService = s; serviceIterator = t; this.algorithm = algorithm; lock = new Object(); }
Returns the algorithm name of this Mac object.

This is the same name that was specified in one of the getInstance calls that created this Mac object.

Returns:the algorithm name of this Mac object.
/** * Returns the algorithm name of this <code>Mac</code> object. * * <p>This is the same name that was specified in one of the * <code>getInstance</code> calls that created this * <code>Mac</code> object. * * @return the algorithm name of this <code>Mac</code> object. */
public final String getAlgorithm() { return this.algorithm; }
Returns a Mac object that implements the specified MAC algorithm.

This method traverses the list of registered security Providers, starting with the most preferred Provider. A new Mac object encapsulating the MacSpi implementation from the first Provider that supports the specified algorithm is returned.

Note that the list of registered providers may be retrieved via the Security.getProviders() method.

Params:
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the new Mac object.
/** * Returns a <code>Mac</code> object that implements the * specified MAC algorithm. * * <p> This method traverses the list of registered security Providers, * starting with the most preferred Provider. * A new Mac object encapsulating the * MacSpi implementation from the first * Provider that supports the specified algorithm is returned. * * <p> Note that the list of registered providers may be retrieved via * the {@link Security#getProviders() Security.getProviders()} method. * * @param algorithm the standard name of the requested MAC algorithm. * See Appendix A in the <a href= * "{@docRoot}/../technotes/guides/security/crypto/CryptoSpec.html#AppA"> * Java Cryptography Architecture Reference Guide</a> * for information about standard algorithm names. * * @return the new <code>Mac</code> object. * * @exception NoSuchAlgorithmException if no Provider supports a * MacSpi implementation for the * specified algorithm. * * @see java.security.Provider */
public static final Mac getInstance(String algorithm) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException { List<Service> services = GetInstance.getServices("Mac", algorithm); // make sure there is at least one service from a signed provider Iterator<Service> t = services.iterator(); while (t.hasNext()) { Service s = t.next(); if (JceSecurity.canUseProvider(s.getProvider()) == false) { continue; } return new Mac(s, t, algorithm); } throw new NoSuchAlgorithmException ("Algorithm " + algorithm + " not available"); }
Returns a Mac object that implements the specified MAC algorithm.

A new Mac object encapsulating the MacSpi implementation from the specified provider is returned. The specified provider must be registered in the security provider list.

Note that the list of registered providers may be retrieved via the Security.getProviders() method.

Params:
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the new Mac object.
/** * Returns a <code>Mac</code> object that implements the * specified MAC algorithm. * * <p> A new Mac object encapsulating the * MacSpi implementation from the specified provider * is returned. The specified provider must be registered * in the security provider list. * * <p> Note that the list of registered providers may be retrieved via * the {@link Security#getProviders() Security.getProviders()} method. * * @param algorithm the standard name of the requested MAC algorithm. * See Appendix A in the <a href= * "{@docRoot}/../technotes/guides/security/crypto/CryptoSpec.html#AppA"> * Java Cryptography Architecture Reference Guide</a> * for information about standard algorithm names. * * @param provider the name of the provider. * * @return the new <code>Mac</code> object. * * @exception NoSuchAlgorithmException if a MacSpi * implementation for the specified algorithm is not * available from the specified provider. * * @exception NoSuchProviderException if the specified provider is not * registered in the security provider list. * * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the <code>provider</code> * is null or empty. * * @see java.security.Provider */
public static final Mac getInstance(String algorithm, String provider) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, NoSuchProviderException { Instance instance = JceSecurity.getInstance ("Mac", MacSpi.class, algorithm, provider); return new Mac((MacSpi)instance.impl, instance.provider, algorithm); }
Returns a Mac object that implements the specified MAC algorithm.

A new Mac object encapsulating the MacSpi implementation from the specified Provider object is returned. Note that the specified Provider object does not have to be registered in the provider list.

Params:
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the new Mac object.
/** * Returns a <code>Mac</code> object that implements the * specified MAC algorithm. * * <p> A new Mac object encapsulating the * MacSpi implementation from the specified Provider * object is returned. Note that the specified Provider object * does not have to be registered in the provider list. * * @param algorithm the standard name of the requested MAC algorithm. * See Appendix A in the <a href= * "{@docRoot}/../technotes/guides/security/crypto/CryptoSpec.html#AppA"> * Java Cryptography Architecture Reference Guide</a> * for information about standard algorithm names. * * @param provider the provider. * * @return the new <code>Mac</code> object. * * @exception NoSuchAlgorithmException if a MacSpi * implementation for the specified algorithm is not available * from the specified Provider object. * * @exception IllegalArgumentException if the <code>provider</code> * is null. * * @see java.security.Provider */
public static final Mac getInstance(String algorithm, Provider provider) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException { Instance instance = JceSecurity.getInstance ("Mac", MacSpi.class, algorithm, provider); return new Mac((MacSpi)instance.impl, instance.provider, algorithm); } // max number of debug warnings to print from chooseFirstProvider() private static int warnCount = 10;
Choose the Spi from the first provider available. Used if delayed provider selection is not possible because init() is not the first method called.
/** * Choose the Spi from the first provider available. Used if * delayed provider selection is not possible because init() * is not the first method called. */
void chooseFirstProvider() { if ((spi != null) || (serviceIterator == null)) { return; } synchronized (lock) { if (spi != null) { return; } if (debug != null) { int w = --warnCount; if (w >= 0) { debug.println("Mac.init() not first method " + "called, disabling delayed provider selection"); if (w == 0) { debug.println("Further warnings of this type will " + "be suppressed"); } new Exception("Call trace").printStackTrace(); } } Exception lastException = null; while ((firstService != null) || serviceIterator.hasNext()) { Service s; if (firstService != null) { s = firstService; firstService = null; } else { s = serviceIterator.next(); } if (JceSecurity.canUseProvider(s.getProvider()) == false) { continue; } try { Object obj = s.newInstance(null); if (obj instanceof MacSpi == false) { continue; } spi = (MacSpi)obj; provider = s.getProvider(); // not needed any more firstService = null; serviceIterator = null; return; } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) { lastException = e; } } ProviderException e = new ProviderException ("Could not construct MacSpi instance"); if (lastException != null) { e.initCause(lastException); } throw e; } } private void chooseProvider(Key key, AlgorithmParameterSpec params) throws InvalidKeyException, InvalidAlgorithmParameterException { synchronized (lock) { if (spi != null) { spi.engineInit(key, params); return; } Exception lastException = null; while ((firstService != null) || serviceIterator.hasNext()) { Service s; if (firstService != null) { s = firstService; firstService = null; } else { s = serviceIterator.next(); } // if provider says it does not support this key, ignore it if (s.supportsParameter(key) == false) { continue; } if (JceSecurity.canUseProvider(s.getProvider()) == false) { continue; } try { MacSpi spi = (MacSpi)s.newInstance(null); spi.engineInit(key, params); provider = s.getProvider(); this.spi = spi; firstService = null; serviceIterator = null; return; } catch (Exception e) { // NoSuchAlgorithmException from newInstance() // InvalidKeyException from init() // RuntimeException (ProviderException) from init() if (lastException == null) { lastException = e; } } } // no working provider found, fail if (lastException instanceof InvalidKeyException) { throw (InvalidKeyException)lastException; } if (lastException instanceof InvalidAlgorithmParameterException) { throw (InvalidAlgorithmParameterException)lastException; } if (lastException instanceof RuntimeException) { throw (RuntimeException)lastException; } String kName = (key != null) ? key.getClass().getName() : "(null)"; throw new InvalidKeyException ("No installed provider supports this key: " + kName, lastException); } }
Returns the provider of this Mac object.
Returns:the provider of this Mac object.
/** * Returns the provider of this <code>Mac</code> object. * * @return the provider of this <code>Mac</code> object. */
public final Provider getProvider() { chooseFirstProvider(); return this.provider; }
Returns the length of the MAC in bytes.
Returns:the MAC length in bytes.
/** * Returns the length of the MAC in bytes. * * @return the MAC length in bytes. */
public final int getMacLength() { chooseFirstProvider(); return spi.engineGetMacLength(); }
Initializes this Mac object with the given key.
Params:
  • key – the key.
Throws:
/** * Initializes this <code>Mac</code> object with the given key. * * @param key the key. * * @exception InvalidKeyException if the given key is inappropriate for * initializing this MAC. */
public final void init(Key key) throws InvalidKeyException { try { if (spi != null) { spi.engineInit(key, null); } else { chooseProvider(key, null); } } catch (InvalidAlgorithmParameterException e) { throw new InvalidKeyException("init() failed", e); } initialized = true; }
Initializes this Mac object with the given key and algorithm parameters.
Params:
  • key – the key.
  • params – the algorithm parameters.
Throws:
/** * Initializes this <code>Mac</code> object with the given key and * algorithm parameters. * * @param key the key. * @param params the algorithm parameters. * * @exception InvalidKeyException if the given key is inappropriate for * initializing this MAC. * @exception InvalidAlgorithmParameterException if the given algorithm * parameters are inappropriate for this MAC. */
public final void init(Key key, AlgorithmParameterSpec params) throws InvalidKeyException, InvalidAlgorithmParameterException { if (spi != null) { spi.engineInit(key, params); } else { chooseProvider(key, params); } initialized = true; }
Processes the given byte.
Params:
  • input – the input byte to be processed.
Throws:
/** * Processes the given byte. * * @param input the input byte to be processed. * * @exception IllegalStateException if this <code>Mac</code> has not been * initialized. */
public final void update(byte input) throws IllegalStateException { chooseFirstProvider(); if (initialized == false) { throw new IllegalStateException("MAC not initialized"); } spi.engineUpdate(input); }
Processes the given array of bytes.
Params:
  • input – the array of bytes to be processed.
Throws:
/** * Processes the given array of bytes. * * @param input the array of bytes to be processed. * * @exception IllegalStateException if this <code>Mac</code> has not been * initialized. */
public final void update(byte[] input) throws IllegalStateException { chooseFirstProvider(); if (initialized == false) { throw new IllegalStateException("MAC not initialized"); } if (input != null) { spi.engineUpdate(input, 0, input.length); } }
Processes the first len bytes in input, starting at offset inclusive.
Params:
  • input – the input buffer.
  • offset – the offset in input where the input starts.
  • len – the number of bytes to process.
Throws:
/** * Processes the first <code>len</code> bytes in <code>input</code>, * starting at <code>offset</code> inclusive. * * @param input the input buffer. * @param offset the offset in <code>input</code> where the input starts. * @param len the number of bytes to process. * * @exception IllegalStateException if this <code>Mac</code> has not been * initialized. */
public final void update(byte[] input, int offset, int len) throws IllegalStateException { chooseFirstProvider(); if (initialized == false) { throw new IllegalStateException("MAC not initialized"); } if (input != null) { if ((offset < 0) || (len > (input.length - offset)) || (len < 0)) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Bad arguments"); spi.engineUpdate(input, offset, len); } }
Processes input.remaining() bytes in the ByteBuffer input, starting at input.position(). Upon return, the buffer's position will be equal to its limit; its limit will not have changed.
Params:
  • input – the ByteBuffer
Throws:
Since:1.5
/** * Processes <code>input.remaining()</code> bytes in the ByteBuffer * <code>input</code>, starting at <code>input.position()</code>. * Upon return, the buffer's position will be equal to its limit; * its limit will not have changed. * * @param input the ByteBuffer * * @exception IllegalStateException if this <code>Mac</code> has not been * initialized. * @since 1.5 */
public final void update(ByteBuffer input) { chooseFirstProvider(); if (initialized == false) { throw new IllegalStateException("MAC not initialized"); } if (input == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Buffer must not be null"); } spi.engineUpdate(input); }
Finishes the MAC operation.

A call to this method resets this Mac object to the state it was in when previously initialized via a call to init(Key) or init(Key, AlgorithmParameterSpec). That is, the object is reset and available to generate another MAC from the same key, if desired, via new calls to update and doFinal. (In order to reuse this Mac object with a different key, it must be reinitialized via a call to init(Key) or init(Key, AlgorithmParameterSpec).

Throws:
Returns:the MAC result.
/** * Finishes the MAC operation. * * <p>A call to this method resets this <code>Mac</code> object to the * state it was in when previously initialized via a call to * <code>init(Key)</code> or * <code>init(Key, AlgorithmParameterSpec)</code>. * That is, the object is reset and available to generate another MAC from * the same key, if desired, via new calls to <code>update</code> and * <code>doFinal</code>. * (In order to reuse this <code>Mac</code> object with a different key, * it must be reinitialized via a call to <code>init(Key)</code> or * <code>init(Key, AlgorithmParameterSpec)</code>. * * @return the MAC result. * * @exception IllegalStateException if this <code>Mac</code> has not been * initialized. */
public final byte[] doFinal() throws IllegalStateException { chooseFirstProvider(); if (initialized == false) { throw new IllegalStateException("MAC not initialized"); } byte[] mac = spi.engineDoFinal(); spi.engineReset(); return mac; }
Finishes the MAC operation.

A call to this method resets this Mac object to the state it was in when previously initialized via a call to init(Key) or init(Key, AlgorithmParameterSpec). That is, the object is reset and available to generate another MAC from the same key, if desired, via new calls to update and doFinal. (In order to reuse this Mac object with a different key, it must be reinitialized via a call to init(Key) or init(Key, AlgorithmParameterSpec).

The MAC result is stored in output, starting at outOffset inclusive.

Params:
  • output – the buffer where the MAC result is stored
  • outOffset – the offset in output where the MAC is stored
Throws:
/** * Finishes the MAC operation. * * <p>A call to this method resets this <code>Mac</code> object to the * state it was in when previously initialized via a call to * <code>init(Key)</code> or * <code>init(Key, AlgorithmParameterSpec)</code>. * That is, the object is reset and available to generate another MAC from * the same key, if desired, via new calls to <code>update</code> and * <code>doFinal</code>. * (In order to reuse this <code>Mac</code> object with a different key, * it must be reinitialized via a call to <code>init(Key)</code> or * <code>init(Key, AlgorithmParameterSpec)</code>. * * <p>The MAC result is stored in <code>output</code>, starting at * <code>outOffset</code> inclusive. * * @param output the buffer where the MAC result is stored * @param outOffset the offset in <code>output</code> where the MAC is * stored * * @exception ShortBufferException if the given output buffer is too small * to hold the result * @exception IllegalStateException if this <code>Mac</code> has not been * initialized. */
public final void doFinal(byte[] output, int outOffset) throws ShortBufferException, IllegalStateException { chooseFirstProvider(); if (initialized == false) { throw new IllegalStateException("MAC not initialized"); } int macLen = getMacLength(); if (output == null || output.length-outOffset < macLen) { throw new ShortBufferException ("Cannot store MAC in output buffer"); } byte[] mac = doFinal(); System.arraycopy(mac, 0, output, outOffset, macLen); return; }
Processes the given array of bytes and finishes the MAC operation.

A call to this method resets this Mac object to the state it was in when previously initialized via a call to init(Key) or init(Key, AlgorithmParameterSpec). That is, the object is reset and available to generate another MAC from the same key, if desired, via new calls to update and doFinal. (In order to reuse this Mac object with a different key, it must be reinitialized via a call to init(Key) or init(Key, AlgorithmParameterSpec).

Params:
  • input – data in bytes
Throws:
Returns:the MAC result.
/** * Processes the given array of bytes and finishes the MAC operation. * * <p>A call to this method resets this <code>Mac</code> object to the * state it was in when previously initialized via a call to * <code>init(Key)</code> or * <code>init(Key, AlgorithmParameterSpec)</code>. * That is, the object is reset and available to generate another MAC from * the same key, if desired, via new calls to <code>update</code> and * <code>doFinal</code>. * (In order to reuse this <code>Mac</code> object with a different key, * it must be reinitialized via a call to <code>init(Key)</code> or * <code>init(Key, AlgorithmParameterSpec)</code>. * * @param input data in bytes * @return the MAC result. * * @exception IllegalStateException if this <code>Mac</code> has not been * initialized. */
public final byte[] doFinal(byte[] input) throws IllegalStateException { chooseFirstProvider(); if (initialized == false) { throw new IllegalStateException("MAC not initialized"); } update(input); return doFinal(); }
Resets this Mac object.

A call to this method resets this Mac object to the state it was in when previously initialized via a call to init(Key) or init(Key, AlgorithmParameterSpec). That is, the object is reset and available to generate another MAC from the same key, if desired, via new calls to update and doFinal. (In order to reuse this Mac object with a different key, it must be reinitialized via a call to init(Key) or init(Key, AlgorithmParameterSpec).

/** * Resets this <code>Mac</code> object. * * <p>A call to this method resets this <code>Mac</code> object to the * state it was in when previously initialized via a call to * <code>init(Key)</code> or * <code>init(Key, AlgorithmParameterSpec)</code>. * That is, the object is reset and available to generate another MAC from * the same key, if desired, via new calls to <code>update</code> and * <code>doFinal</code>. * (In order to reuse this <code>Mac</code> object with a different key, * it must be reinitialized via a call to <code>init(Key)</code> or * <code>init(Key, AlgorithmParameterSpec)</code>. */
public final void reset() { chooseFirstProvider(); spi.engineReset(); }
Returns a clone if the provider implementation is cloneable.
Throws:
Returns:a clone if the provider implementation is cloneable.
/** * Returns a clone if the provider implementation is cloneable. * * @return a clone if the provider implementation is cloneable. * * @exception CloneNotSupportedException if this is called on a * delegate that does not support <code>Cloneable</code>. */
public final Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException { chooseFirstProvider(); Mac that = (Mac)super.clone(); that.spi = (MacSpi)this.spi.clone(); return that; } }